Debugging bash scripts

pass by value vs pass by reference

Design Patterns - Singleton

Python OOPs part 1

Lets dive straight into the basic concepts of OOPs (Object Oriented Programming) in python:

Function memoization/caching

Memoization or Function caching is an optimization technique in which the results of expensive/big function calls are stored in a cache and are retrieved when the same function call is made again. This helps save time and reduces load on CPU as it does not have to perform the same calculations again.